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Jordan has long been a guardian of cultural and historical treasures, with several of its landmarks earning UNESCO World Heritage status. Among them, Petra, Qasr Amra, Umm ar-Rasas, Wadi Rum, the Baptism Site, and Salt have drawn global admiration. In 2024, the ancient city of Umm Al Jimal, located in Jordan’s northeastern desert, joined this prestigious list.
Umm Al Jimal was once a vital part of the Limes Arabicus, the Roman Empire’s defensive frontier against external threats. What sets this site apart from many other ancient ruins is the exceptional preservation of its structures—over 170 buildings still stand, some reaching their second or third stories. "Unlike other ruins where only foundations remain, Umm Al Jimal gives visitors a rare opportunity to step into a nearly intact Roman-Byzantine settlement," said Darrell Rohl, co-director of the Umm Al Jimal Archaeological Project.
Located on the rugged basalt plains of the Houran region, the site has witnessed uninterrupted habitation for over 2,000 years. Its early settlers, the Nabataeans, established a thriving community that later evolved under Roman rule when the empire annexed the Nabataean Kingdom in 106 AD. The site’s Roman influence is exemplified by the Commodus Gate, a grand entrance from the 2nd century AD that once bore the name of Emperor Commodus—until it was erased following his assassination in 192 AD.
Umm Al Jimal played a significant role in regional governance, contributing council members to the administrative center of Bosra. As Rome strengthened its military presence, a castellum was built in the 4th century AD to house soldiers, reinforced by the Ninth Dalmatian Cavalry between 367 and 373 AD. The site also endured turbulent times, including an attack by Queen Zenobia of Palmyra in the 3rd century. Today, Umm Al Jimal stands as a striking reminder of Jordan’s deep-rooted history, offering visitors an unparalleled journey through Roman, Nabataean, and Byzantine legacies.
Perched atop a hill in northern Jordan, Umm Qais is a breathtaking destination that seamlessly blends history, culture, and nature. Recognized as one of the world’s best tourism villages, Umm Qais—historically known as Gadara—was once a flourishing Greco-Roman city and a prominent center of learning and philosophy in the Decapolis League.
Visitors to Umm Qais can explore its remarkably preserved ruins, including a grand amphitheater built from black basalt, colonnaded streets, ancient baths, and an early Christian basilica. The site’s elevated position offers stunning panoramic views of the Jordan Valley, the Sea of Galilee, and the Golan Heights, making it a prime location for both history lovers and nature enthusiasts.
Beyond its rich archaeological heritage, Umm Qais is a vibrant modern village that embraces its past while thriving in the present. Visitors can enjoy authentic Jordanian hospitality, savor farm-to-table meals prepared with locally sourced ingredients, and engage with skilled artisans who continue traditional crafts like pottery and weaving.
For adventure seekers, Umm Qais offers a variety of outdoor experiences. The village is a key stop on the famous Jordan Trail, which spans the length of the country and provides stunning hiking and cycling opportunities. Trails winding through olive groves and rolling hills make it a haven for nature lovers.
Efforts to promote sustainable tourism have positioned Umm Qais as a model for cultural preservation and economic growth. Its recognition as a top tourism village highlights Jordan’s commitment to sharing its rich history and breathtaking landscapes with the world.
Whether you’re an explorer, a history enthusiast, or simply in search of a serene retreat, Umm Qais is an unmissable gem that captures the essence of Jordan’s past and present in a truly magical setting.
Read more: Umm Qais: A Window to Jordan's Rich History